Effects of resonant tunneling and dynamics of coherent interaction on intrinsic linewidth of quantum cascade lasers

A theoretical model for calculation of the intrinsic linewidth of QCLs is built on the basis of the quantum Langevin approach. It differs from the traditional rate equation model in that the resonant tunneling and the dynamics of coherent interaction can be considered. Results show that the coupling strength and the dephasing rate associated with resonant tunneling strongly affect the linewidth of THz QCLs in the incoherent resonant-tunneling transport regime but only induce little influence in the coherent regime. The dynamics of coherent interaction and resonanttunneling transport show insignificant effects on the linewidth calculation of mid-infrared QCLs due to strong coupling in resonant tunneling. We also demonstrate that by properly designing the active regions of QCLs, one can reduce the intrinsic linewidth according to our model. ©2012 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (140.5965) Semiconductor lasers, quantum cascade; (140.3070) Infrared and farinfrared lasers; (300.3700) Linewidth; (270.2500) Fluctuations, relaxations, and noise. References and links 1. J. Faist, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, C. Sirtori, A. L. Hutchinson, and A. Y. Cho, “Quantum cascade laser,” Science 264(5158), 553–556 (1994). 2. T. Liu and Q. J. Wang, “Fundamental frequency noise and linewidth broadening caused by intrinsic temperature fluctuations in quantum cascade lasers,” Phys. Rev. B 84(12), 125322 (2011). 3. R. F. Curl, F. Capsso, C. Gmachl, A. A. Kosterev, B. McManus, R. Lewicki, M. Pusharsky, G. Wysocki, and F. K. Tittel, “Quantum cascade lasers in chemical physics,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 487(1-3), 1–18 (2010). 4. M. S. Vitiello, L. Consolino, S. Bartalini, A. Tredicucci, M. Inguscio, and P. 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